Номер 3, страница 143, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Демченко, Севрюкова

3. a. Look through the information about different kinds of poems. Which is the shortest? The sonnet comes from Italy. It has 14 lines, a regular rhyme scheme, and iambic metres of 5 foot (пятистопный ямб / пятистопны ямб). We can’t say ‘sonnet’ without thinking about Shakespeare. He made the sonnet poetic form his trademark. In Belarusian literature, the most famous author of sonnets was Maksim Bahdanovich, whose only book of poems, “Vianok” (A Wreath [ri:θ]), was published in Vilna (today Vilnius) in 1914.

The haiku ['haiku:] has roots in Japan. It has 3 lines only. The whole poem has a total of 17 syllables. The first and last lines have 5 syllables. The second line has 7. The haiku often describes nature.

“Cinq” means 5 in French, so the cinquain ['sin,kein] consists of one verse with five lines. They have 2 syllables in the first line, 4 in the second, 6 in the third, 8 in the fourth line, and just 2 in the last line. Cinquains do not need to rhyme, but you can include rhymes if you want to. How fun is this?

The limerick ['lImərIk] is a short poem which consists of five lines. It appeared in England in the 18^th century. Limericks are good for children songs and funny music. The rhyme scheme for limericks is aabba. The lines of the limerick poem have a regular meter consisting of two short syllables and one long syllable.

The fable is a poetic story in verse or prose with a moral ['mɒrəl] at the end, which often uses animals as characters to teach a valuable lesson. Some of the most famous authors of fables are Aesop, La Fontaine, and Ivan Krylov. Our national fable writer is Kandrat Krapiva, whose book of fables was published in 1927.

The tanka is a 31-syllable poem coming from Japan. The five lines of the poem can read as one single line in traditional forms. It uses the following syllable count: 5/7/5/7/7. It’s great for children songs.

The nonet is a 9-line poem whose syllables go down in descending order. The first line has nine syllables and the last line has one.

While we usually think that poems have to rhyme, free verse is a type of poetry that does not require any rhyme scheme or meter. Poems written in free verse, however, use other types of creative language such as alliteration (words that begin with the same consonant sound), or repetition of vowel sounds. The free verse form of poetry became popular in the 1800s and is still popular with poets.

3. a. Просмотрите информацию о разных видах стихотворений. Какое из них самое короткое?

Ответ: The haiku is the shortest poem.

Перевод: Хайку — самое короткое стихотворение.