Номер 2, страница 63, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 7 класс учебник Демченко, Севрюкова

2. Read the text. Does it have any of the ideas you mentioned? Do you still think life was easy / difficult in the past? Why?

Life in the Middle Ages

The Middle Ages lasted from about the 5th to the 15th century. During that time most people lived in villages and each village usually had from 10 to 60 families. Families lived in tiny houses with all their animals, which meant the floors were very dirty. Their houses were made of wood that is why in case of fire they burnt down very quickly. The food was cooked over an open fire, which was always burning in a house. There was a hole in the roof to let the smoke out.

The first chimneys were constructed in castles. The first one that is known to us was built in the 12th century. There wasn't a lot of furniture apart from a table and a simple bed inside a house. The village was the centre of the world in the Middle Ages and most people stayed close to home and didn't travel far because they were afraid of strangers.

The cities in the Middle Ages were very different from modern ones. It wasn't always easy to get the name "city". Special town privileges ['prıvəlıdzız] were given by the king or the queen. A place was also called a city if it had a cathedral or a university. As a rule, cities were built on a hill or the bank of a river. They were surrounded by a strong wall with towers to keep out attackers. So, visitors had to enter the city through several gates which were guarded ['ga:dıd] (охранялись / ахоўваліся) by soldiers. A market place formed the centre of the town and was used as a meeting place of local residents.

The houses of most city-dwellers were made of wood or stone. Rich residents lived in multi-storey buildings, which had shops on the ground floor and living areas on the upper floors. These houses were popular because only a limited amount of territory could be protected by the town walls. Most cities were crowded and didn't have good drains (водосток, канализация / вадасток, каналізацыя), so they were dirty and smelly. Narrow streets didn't make the situation any better.

Would you like to go back in the past and see what life was like with your own eyes?

2. Прочитайте текст. Есть ли в нем какие-либо из упомянутых вами идей? Вы все еще думаете, что жизнь в прошлом была легкой / трудной? Почему?

Ответ:

Based on the text, I think life in the past was difficult. The text mentions that people lived in tiny, dirty houses, often with their animals. These houses were made of wood and could burn down very quickly. Food was cooked over an open fire that filled the house with smoke. Cities were crowded, dirty, and smelly because they didn't have good drains. This suggests a life of hardship and poor living conditions.

Перевод:

Основываясь на тексте, я думаю, что жизнь в прошлом была трудной. В тексте упоминается, что люди жили в крошечных, грязных домах, часто вместе со своими животными. Эти дома были сделаны из дерева и могли очень быстро сгореть. Еду готовили на открытом огне, который наполнял дом дымом. Города были переполнены, грязные и дурно пахли, потому что в них не было хороших водостоков. Это говорит о жизни, полной трудностей и плохих бытовых условий.