Номер 1, страница 143, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс учебник Демченко, Бушуева

1. a. Look at the picture and discuss the questions.

1. What two cities are shown in the collage? 2. How are they related to the International Twin Cities Day marked on the last Sunday in April? 3. What do you know about the cities?

b. Read the information below and check your ideas.

The international twin city movement has become a global phenomenon. Cities, towns and villages across the world have twinned with others to promote cultural exchange, shared learning and economic prosperity. In Europe alone, there are about 40,000 such cities today.

They say that the tradition of establishing twin cities began in Medieval Europe and name the German city of Paderborn and Le Mans, France, as the earliest example in history dating to 836 AD. Modern twinning became more widespread after World War II and originated in Coventry. It's a large industrial city in the West Midlands, England, only 12 miles south-west of the country's geographical centre. Though known for centuries, the settlement wasn't given its city status until the Middle Ages. In the 19^th century, it became a major centre of bicycle manufacture, which later evolved into motor manufacture making the city an important centre of British motor and aircraft industries.

Coventry's association with the idea of twinning began the morning after the worst night in its history – 14 November 1940. After 12 hours of bombing three quarters of the factories, whose production was so vital to Britain, were damaged and lots of people killed, injured and left homeless. The Nazi air force even coined a term coventried to refer to that new level of destruction. All in all, the city suffered more than 40 raids and could understand the pain of Stalingrad, a strategically located industrial centre on the Volga, very well. On 6 October 1941, The Coventry Telegraph reported that the women of Coventry decided to send a message of support to the women of Stalingrad. In a response letter 36,000 Stalingrad women signed an album with good wishes, which was handed to the Mayor of Coventry, Mrs Emily Smith. This was a sign of goodwill that would join the cities forever.

To show their sympathy and support for Stalingrad in 1943, Coventry citizens started raising money, which was later spent on medical supplies. 830 women donated a sixpence to sign their names on a tablecloth. The names together with the words "Little help is better than big sympathy" were embroidered by Mrs May Adams over the course of the next two years. The tablecloth sent to Stalingrad through the Soviet Embassy in London nowadays is displayed at the Panorama Museum of the Battle of Stalingrad in Volgograd. In 1944, an agreement was signed and an official "bond of friendship" between the two cities united by the shared experience of suffering was created.

Trying to promote peace and mutual understanding Coventry also twinned with former enemy German cities including Kiel (1947) and Dresden (1956). Over the years Coventry has established twinning relationships with other cities, bringing the total number to 26.

Remarkably, the bond between Coventry and Stalingrad (renamed Volgograd in 1961) survived the coldest moments of the Cold War. Perhaps, because it was a grassroots movement supported by ordinary people, mostly women and was never supposed to be about politicians.

2021 marked the 80^th anniversary of the first contact. The project Digital tablecloth – 80 years of mutual support was dedicated to the celebration. Lord Mayor of the city of Coventry said: "We are so proud of our links with Volgograd and the way we have worked together for the past 80 years, using our own stories to inspire others towards peace and friendship. Coventry is honoured to have been there at the very start of the movement and we will continue to work with our friends from around the world to promote twinning and the many benefits it brings to us all."

c. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false one.

1. The twin city movement is popular only in Europe.
2. The movement is a contemporary phenomenon.
3. The word coventried was used to describe an almost completely destroyed city.
4. Coventry and Stalingrad became twin cities after World War II.
5. The bond between Coventry and Volgograd didn't break even in difficult times.

d. Answer the questions.

1. Why did Coventry choose Stalingrad for a twin?
2. What humanitarian aid did Stalingrad receive from Coventry?
3. What is the Stalingrad tablecloth famous for?
4. What is considered the official birth of the movement?
5. How many symbolic siblings does Coventry have now?

а. Посмотрите на картинку и обсудите вопросы.

1. Какие два города изображены в коллаже? 2. Как они связаны с Международным днем городов-побратимов, отмечаемым в последнее воскресенье апреля? 3. Что вы знаете об этих городах?

c. Верны ли следующие утверждения? Исправьте неверные.

1. Движение городов-побратимов популярно только в Европе.

2. Это движение является современным явлением.

3. Слово coventried использовалось для описания почти полностью разрушенного города.

4. Ковентри и Сталинград стали городами-побратимами после Второй мировой войны.

5. Связь между Ковентри и Волгоградом не прерывалась даже в трудные времена.

d. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. Почему Ковентри выбрал Сталинград в качестве побратима?

2. Какую гуманитарную помощь Сталинград получил от Ковентри?

3. Чем знаменита Сталинградская скатерть?

4. Что считается официальным рождением движения?

5. Сколько символических побратимов у Ковентри сейчас?

Ответ:

a.

1. The collage shows landmarks of Volgograd (formerly Stalingrad), which is twinned with Coventry.

2. The twinning of Coventry and Stalingrad is considered the origin of the modern twin city movement, which is celebrated on International Twin Cities Day.

3. Coventry is a large industrial city in England, a centre for the motor and aircraft industries. Stalingrad (now Volgograd) was a strategically located industrial centre on the Volga in Russia. Both cities suffered extensive bombing and destruction during World War II.

c.

1. False. The twin city movement is a global phenomenon.

2. False. The tradition of establishing twin cities began in Medieval Europe, although modern twinning became widespread after World War II.

3. True.

4. False. Coventry and Stalingrad established an official "bond of friendship" in 1944, during World War II.

5. True.

d.

1. Coventry chose Stalingrad because it could understand its pain, as both cities were industrial centres that suffered terrible destruction from bombing raids during World War II.

2. Stalingrad received money for medical supplies, raised by the citizens of Coventry.

3. The Stalingrad tablecloth is famous for the 830 names of Coventry women embroidered on it, who each donated a sixpence, along with the words "Little help is better than big sympathy". It is a symbol of goodwill and support.

4. The official "bond of friendship" agreement signed between Coventry and Stalingrad in 1944 is considered the birth of the modern twinning movement.

5. Coventry now has 26 twin cities.

Перевод:

а.

1. На коллаже изображены достопримечательности Волгограда (бывшего Сталинграда), который является городом-побратимом Ковентри.

2. Породнение Ковентри и Сталинграда считается истоком современного движения городов-побратимов, которое отмечается в Международный день городов-побратимов.

3. Ковентри — крупный промышленный город в Англии, центр автомобильной и авиационной промышленности. Сталинград (ныне Волгоград) был стратегически расположенным промышленным центром на Волге в России. Оба города сильно пострадали от бомбардировок и разрушений во время Второй мировой войны.

c.

1. Неверно. Движение городов-побратимов — это мировое явление.

2. Неверно. Традиция установления побратимских связей зародилась в средневековой Европе, хотя современное движение городов-побратимов стало широко распространенным после Второй мировой войны.

3. Верно.

4. Неверно. Ковентри и Сталинград установили официальные «узы дружбы» в 1944 году, во время Второй мировой войны.

5. Верно.

d.

1. Ковентри выбрал Сталинград, потому что мог понять его боль, так как оба города были промышленными центрами, которые пострадали от ужасных разрушений в результате бомбардировок во время Второй мировой войны.

2. Сталинград получил деньги на медикаменты, собранные жителями Ковентри.

3. Сталинградская скатерть знаменита вышитыми на ней именами 830 женщин из Ковентри, каждая из которых пожертвовала шесть пенсов, а также словами «Маленькая помощь лучше большого сочувствия». Это символ доброй воли и поддержки.

4. Официальное соглашение об «узах дружбы», подписанное между Ковентри и Сталинградом в 1944 году, считается рождением современного движения породнения городов.

5. Сейчас у Ковентри 26 городов-побратимов.